22 T-Cell Cancers After CAR-T Treatment: CBER
CBER director Peter Marks and Office of Therapeutic Products director Nicole Verdun say that as of 12/31/2023, FDA was aware of 22 cases of T-cell cancers that occurred after treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products. Writing in the New England Journal of Medicine, Marks and Verdun say the cancers have included T-cell lymphoma, T-cell large granular lymphocytosis, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
“Among the 14 cases for which adequate data are currently available,” they write, “the cancers have manifested within two years after administration of CAR T cells, with roughly half occurring within the first year after administration. Cases have been reported in conjunction with five of the six available CAR-T products, but the small number of cases and variation in product use preclude conclusions about the strength of an association with any specific product.”
The report says that with more than 27,000 doses of the six approved products having been administered in the U.S., the overall rate of T-cell cancers among people receiving CAR-T therapies appears to be quite low, even if all reported cases are assumed to be related to treatment.
Marks and Verdun say it is important for clinicians caring for people who have received CAR T cells to report the occurrence of any new cancer. They recommend that patients and clinical trial participants who receive treatment with the products be monitored for new cancers throughout their lives.