Consider Oncology Single-Arm Trial Issues: CDER
CDER researchers say that while the use of single-arm oncology trials has allowed for transformative oncology therapies to be made available to patients expeditiously, using such trials to support drug approval presents several challenges that must be carefully considered. Writing in JAMA Oncology, the researchers say that between 1/1/2002 and 12/31/2021, FDA granted 176 new malignant hematology and oncology indications based on single-arm trials, including 116 accelerated approvals and 60 traditional approvals.
Identifying the optimal drug dose in a single-arm trial remains challenging, the researchers say. The lack of a comparator arm may make identifying a comparative data set to use for the presumed response rate in a historical control difficult. And there is no standard for what constitutes clinically relevant thresholds for durable response rates and points.
The article concludes that while single-arm trials continue to demonstrate their use as a valuable tool to evaluate and approve cancer therapies, randomized clinical trials remain the preferred approach in clinical investigation and are the preferred design to support the approval of new anticancer therapies.