DoJ Preferring Deferred Prosecution Agreements: Attorneys

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Two recent medical product cases could be a harbinger of more Department of Justice (DoJ) deferred prosecution agreements (DPAs) as a vehicle to resolve False Claims Act (FCA) suits, according to lawyers from Troutman Pepper. Earlier this year, Pennsylvania-based Jet Medical agreed to a $745,000 DPA to resolve criminal and civil allegations relating to a medical device migraine headache treatment (see earlier story). Last July, a similar resolution was reached by Solera Specialty Pharmacy that was related to a criminal information for one count of health care fraud, the Troutman Pepper attorneys write.

“These two cases may evidence a new approach to corporate criminal enforcement by DoJ,” the attorneys say. "As previously reported in October 2021, the DoJ announced the creation of the Corporate Crime Advisory Group, which was given ‘a broad mandate’ to review criminal enforcement priorities, ensure prosecutors are adequately resourced, and examine ‘the factors bearing on the determination of whether a corporate case should be resolved through a deferred prosecution agreement … .’”

DoJ has also made “voluntary self-disclosure” a key factor in determining how it investigates and resolves misconduct by companies — “a policy that will likely have implications for companies under investigation for potential FCA violations,” they say. “In a February 2023 memorandum, DoJ announced that under its new mandatory guidance, ‘prosecutors should consider whether the criminal conduct at issue came to light as a result of the company’s timely, voluntary self-disclosure and credit such disclosure appropriately.’”

The attorneys warn that because many FCA actions originate from whistleblower lawsuits, companies may be unable to rely on the safe harbor provided under the voluntary disclosure policy. “In fact, the policy specifically excludes ‘situations where disclosure of a company’s misconduct to the [U.S. Attorney’s Office] USAO was made by whistleblowers, including those who have informed the department of fraud and other misconduct in qui tam actions, the write.’”

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