FDA Allows 23andMe ‘Limited’ Breast Cancer Test on Market
FDA has granted 23andMe a de novo marketing authorization for its Personal Genome Service Genetic Health Risk Report for BRCA1/BRCA2 (selected variants) — the first direct-to-consumer test to report on three specific breast cancer gene mutations that are most common in people of Ashkenazi (Eastern European) Jewish descent. The agency noted in a release that the three mutations are not the most common BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations in the general population.
The test analyzes DNA collected from a self-collected saliva sample, with results describing whether a woman is at increased risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer, and whether a man is at increased risk for developing breast cancer or prostate cancer. “The test only detects three out of more than 1,000 known BRCA mutations,” FDA says. “This means a negative result does not rule out the possibility that an individual carries other BRCA mutations that increase cancer risk... While the detection of a BRCA mutation on this test does indicate an increased risk, only a small percentage of Americans carry one of these three mutations and most BRCA mutations that increase an individual’s risk are not detected by this test. The test should not be used as a substitute for seeing your doctor for cancer screenings or counseling on genetic and lifestyle factors that can increase or decrease cancer risk.”