FDA Draft Guides on Adaptive Trials and Master Protocols

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FDA has issued two new draft guidance documents — one on adaptive clinical trial designs and the other on master protocols — that propose important principles for modernizing clinical trials through these and similar approaches. “Adaptive clinical trials can give sponsors the flexibility to react to clinical evidence as it’s being collected, and modify the design and enrollment in trials by including more patients with characteristics that help predict that they’re more likely to derive a benefit,” the agency says. Adaptive trials also seek to exclude patients who have certain characteristics that suggest that they’re more likely to suffer a side effect. “By enriching the enrollment in the trial for patients with characteristics that are likely to predict clinical success, it has the potential to make the development process more efficient,” it says. This approach also allows us to potentially learn much more about the characteristics that can inform safer prescribing.”


The master protocols guidance provides recommendations to cancer drug sponsors on the design and conduct of clinical trials intended to simultaneously evaluate more than one investigational drug or more than one cancer type within the same overall trial structure. It also describes aspects of master protocol designs and trial conduct and related considerations, such as biomarker co-development and statistical analysis considerations, and provides advice on the information that sponsors should submit to FDA and on how sponsors can interact with the agency to facilitate efficient reviews.

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