FDA Urged to ‘Incentivize’ Oncology Trials
CBER director Vinay Prasad and researchers from U.S. and international universities say results of their study of oncology follow-on drugs suggest a need for regulators to incentivize within-class randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Writing in a JAMA Internal Medicine Research Letter, the authors say they analyzed all anticancer FDA approvals between 2009 and 2020, including biologics but excluding supportive care treatments, biosimilars, and novel routes of administration approvals. They wanted to examine the share of next-in-class FDA anticancer drug approvals with an RCT-based comparison with the first-in-class drug and characteristics of such RCTs.
“Study findings raise important questions about the value of next-in-class oncology drugs,” the report says. “These agents may offer benefits in specific scenarios, including overcoming resistance variants…. However, in cases where head-to-head RCTs were lacking, it is difficult to address the true therapeutic value of next-in-class drugs.”
If within-class RCTs were incentivized or even mandated, the authors conclude, the evidence would help determine whether next-in-class drugs provide meaningful advances in cancer care. “This is particularly important,” the article concludes, “given that me-too drugs have not led to price competition in oncology, and many are approved through single-group trials or studies using suboptimal outcomes.”