Nonrandom Data Can Emulate Random Trials: Study
Harvard Medical School researchers say real-world evidence studies can reach similar conclusions as randomized clinical trials (RCT) when design and measurements can be closely emulated, although such emulation may be difficult to achieve. Writing in the Journal of the American Medical Association, the researchers say they emulated the design of 30 completed and two ongoing RCTs of medications with database studies using observational analogs of the randomized trial parameters involving population, intervention, comparator, outcome, and time.
“Selected database studies can complement RCT evidence to enhance understanding of how medications work in clinical practice,” the researchers say. “Emulation differences, chance, and residual confounding can contribute to divergence in results and are difficult to disentangle.”