Put Tramadol in High CSA Classification: Public Citizen

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Public Citizen is petitioning FDA and the Drug Enforcement Administration to initiate proceedings to reschedule 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-I-(3-methoxyphenol)cyclohexanol, its salts, its optical and geometric isomers, and salts of these isomers, including Tramadol, from Schedule 4 to Schedule 2 of the Controlled Substances Act. The petition says the up-classification is needed “because the drug has a high potential for abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence, and is considered dangerous.”

According to Public Citizen Tramadol, a synthetic codeine analog, is an opioid agonist indicated in adults for management of pain severe enough to require an opioid analgesic and for which alternative treatments are inadequate. “It was dangerously unscheduled for 20 years in the U.S. before finally being placed in Schedule 4 in 2014,” the petition says. “Since then, new evidence has accumulated showing that tramadol is an increasingly overprescribed, addictive, potentially deadly narcotic that should be rescheduled to Schedule 2.”

Unlike opioids appropriately placed under the Schedule 4 restrictions, a Public Citizen media statement says, controlled substances in Schedule 2 are known to have a high potential of misuse. Other Schedule 2 drugs include fentanyl, hydrocodone, and oxycodone. Under Schedule 2, much tighter restrictions on prescribing drugs are imposed to prevent misuse and abuse.

“The failure to designate Tramadol as a controlled substance when it was initially approved by FDA and the subsequent placement of the drug in a less restrictive category has promoted the false belief that the drug must have a much better safety profile than other opioids,” says Public Citizen Health Research Group director Michael Carome. “The dangerous misperception of Tramadol’s safety has led to reckless overprescribing of the drug during the past several years of the opioid epidemic.”

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