SCOTUS Decisions’ Effect on FDA Analyzed

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Six Squire Patton Boggs attorneys say that at the end of the Supreme Court’s 2023-2024 term, the court issued four decisions that “have potentially wide-ranging consequences on federal agency rulemaking, adjudication, and regulatory compliance.” Writing in an online post, the attorneys analyze the impact of the decisions on FDA in terms of pharmaceutical regulation, pharmaceutical exclusivity, pharmaceutical/biological product approvals, biosimilar approvals and interchangeability determinations, medical device regulation, combination product regulation, dietary supplements, regulation of tobacco products, cosmetics, over-the-counter drugs, conventional food, and administrative enforcement through civil penalties.

The post concludes that the decisions significantly changed the legal landscape for challenging agency action, creating new opportunities to challenge agency actions in court and to bypass an agency’s internal adjudication for enforcement actions. “But,” the attorneys continue, “we want to caution that the death of Chevron does not mean the end of all judicial deference. Courts still owe deference to agency interpretations under Skidmore (a 1944 labor standards case), and it is difficult to imagine courts not deferring, at least in part, to FDA on highly complex and technical matters. The playing field between agencies and regulated entities is far from even, but this Supreme Court term creates new opportunities and risks in challenging agency action in court.”

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